HUMANITARIAN RESEARCHES

Journal of fundamental and applied researches

SYNESTHETIC TRANSFERS IN THE NOMINATION OF TEMPERATURE BY ENGLISH ADJECTIVES

2020. №3, pp. 21-26

Lapkovskaya Nataliya S. - Volgograd State University, jacks87@mail.ru

The article studies the phenomenon of synthetic transfers in the process of forming of temperature meaning by English adjectives. The article focuses on the inner form of the lexical semantic variations of close, toasty , roasting (hot) , steamy , sticky, glacial to find out the semantic markers which form the basis of nomination. It also deals with the classification of lexical semantic variations into subgroups depending on the modes of perception, intersection of these modes of perception and the formation of the temperature meaning on the basis of this. It has been revealed that the meanings of the lexical semantic variations of adjectives are formed as a result of the intersection of visual and tactile sensations (which is true for the lexical semantic variations toasty , roasting (hot) , steamy , glacial ), tactile-tactile sensations (which is true for the lexical semantic variation sticky ), respirarory and tactile sensations (which is true for the lexical semantic variation close ). Synthetic transfers become evident in the process of studying word formation of the lexical semantic units in question, determination of the components of the dictionary definitions which explicate semantic markers pointing to the participation of sensor perception. The formation of the semantics of the lexical semantic variations with the semantic markers �hot’ and �cold’ is conditioned by the association of the sensorily perceived processes and objects which are characterized by certain thermal state. As a result of this, information about the temperature made up the lexical meaning of the cognate adjectives. This analysis allows to find out the motives of the formation of the meanings of adjectives and to look at the associations used by native speakers, which lead to the formation of lexical semantic variations of adjectives.

Key words: adjective, lexical semantic variation, synesthetic transfer, semantic marker, lexical meaning, temperature marker

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